Stages of ATTR amyloidosis
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
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Stage 1 amyloidosis meets the following criteria:
NT-proBNP of 3,000 nanograms per liter (ng/L) or less
eGFR of 45 milliliters per minute (mL/min) or more
Symptoms may be mild and easily mistaken for another condition. Possible symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the lower body.
Treatment during stage 1 involves stabilizing or suppressing amyloid production to help slow down disease progression. Doctors may recommend TTR stabilizer medications or gene-silencing therapies.
ATTR amyloidosis that does not meet the criteria for either stage 1 or stage 3 is considered stage 2.
Symptoms during stage 2 may progress to include wheezing, confusion, difficulty thinking, and an elevated heart rate.
There is no cure for this condition and no way to remove amyloid deposits. Treatment in stage 2 involves taking medication to slow down disease progression by reducing amyloid production.
Doctors may also prescribe medications to treat symptoms of any complications that occur.
A person will continue receiving disease-modifying therapies, such as stabilizers and silencers. They may
also receive symptom-guided therapies to address
heart-related complications.
In advanced cases, a person may need a liver or heart transplant or an implantable device such as a pacemaker.
Without treatment, amyloidosis can progress to severe heart failure. In stage 3, a person may notice fluid retention, severe fatigue, and reduced physical ability.
The NAC guidelines classify ATTR amyloidosis as stage
3 if a person’s markers reach the following levels:
NT-proBNP greater than 3,000 ng/L
eGFR less than 45 mL/min
